martes, 5 de junio de 2012

En el barrio todos tienen su Bellini...



Felix Nussbaum, "El Secreto"


Seis meses atrás, arrancaba este blog en circunstancias personales harto extremas, dudando hasta de mis propios argumentos para aferrarme a su cultivo como una posible/viable catarsis, terapia o cotidiano desahogo ante el hundimiento general de mi yo, público y privado. Ahora sé cuán valioso me ha resultado en el proceso de recuperación que doy por cerrado estos días. Gracias de verdad a los que habéis compartido -y confrontado- intuiciones, fobias y desideratums más o menos transmisibles en un formato que busca, por definición, engordar los egos del "autor" y sus "cómplices" lectores. Creo que no ha sido este el caso.  
                                                                                                                                
Me marcho, bastante más lúcido, y enriquecido sin duda por haber podido experimentar todo este vértigo en excelente y generosa compañía. El camino nuevo que me planteo invita a dejar atrás al "Sonado", pero conmigo se van algunas lecciones muy valiosas: misántropo man non troppo, este "blogueador" cambia de categoría, y se entrena para otras peleas, en otros rings...

domingo, 20 de mayo de 2012

El crítico como disc-jockey ("Mínima Molestia", Fernando Echevarría)




El crítico como disc-jockey (1)

Por Ignacio Echevarría
Ver todos los artículos de 'Mínima molestia'

Ignacio ECHEVARRÍA | Publicado el 11/05/2012



Me propongo retomar, al hilo de lo observado en mi anterior columna, algunas ideas volcadas en un artículo publicado bajo este mismo título en la Revista de Libros del diario chileno El Mercurio, hará pronto cuatro años. Recordaba allí unas provocadoras propuestas que, con ánimo de vapulear a la crítica de su país, el escritor alemán Reinhard Baumgart hizo públicas en 1968 (fue en un excelente libro colectivo compilado por Peter Hamm y publicado por Barral bajo el título Crítica de la crítica, en 1970). La más sensacional de esas propuestas consistía en postular para el crítico reseñista un papel semejante al de disc-jockey en una pista de baile. Atrás va quedando, cada vez más desprestigiado -sostenía Baumgart-, el crítico investido de autoridad, ya se trate de la autoridad del académico, del policía, del aduanero o del agente de tráfico. Dicho crítico formulaba sus juicios desde el supuesto de que el público al que se dirigía estaba necesitado de orientación y de recomendaciones, cuando no directamente de instrucción. Pero entretanto se ha consolidado una amplísima franja de ciudadanos que, en su calidad de lectores tanto como de espectadores de una exposición, de una película o de una serie televisiva -del mismo modo que en su calidad de aficionados al fútbol, pongamos por caso-, han segregado no sólo el convencimiento sino también las aptitudes que los convierte a ellos mismos en peritos en todas estas materias.

El futuro del reseñismo, venía a decir Baumgart, “depende, en definitiva, de si una nueva literatura es capaz de lograr nuevas formas y de continuar desempeñando su papel en una cultura de masas”.Baumgart pretendía que esto último sólo sería posible en la medida en que dicha literatura se adapte a aquello que, en su célebre ensayo sobre La obra de arte en la época de su reproductibilidad técnica, de 1936, Walter Benjamin subrayaba como un síntoma saludable de las nuevas formas de consumo cultural: esa mezcla de disipación y de recogimiento, de “recepción en la dispersión”, característica del público que antaño acudía a las salas de cine.

Para Baumgart, la literatura realmente nueva sería aquella susceptible de ser apreciada por un nuevo tipo de público que no hace ninguna distinción entre la actitud crítica y su propio deleite: una especie de “examinador distraído”, conforme dice Benjamin que es el público formado al paso de las nuevas modalidades de arte. “Si realmente se llegara a este extremo -concluye Baumgart-, la tradición del enjuiciamiento artístico, todavía tan celebrado hoy en día, se aniquilaría por sí misma. Cualquier persona podría ser entonces un perito y el reseñita tan sólo sería ya una especie de delegado de este cuerpo general de peritos, ni más ni menos que como un simple disc-jockey”.

A la altura de 1968, esta expectativa le parecía a Baumgart no sólo deseable, sino también necesaria, por mucho que la juzgasee todavía remota. Más de cuarenta años después, sigue resultando escandalosa e incluso preocupante para muchos, pero a cambio resulta mucho más próxima, yo casi diría inminente. Y lo es en la medida en que se ha confirmado y potenciado lo que, en el ensayo ya mencionado, Benjamin observara con su característica sagacidad: el radical trastocamiento de la tradicional jerarquía entre artista y espectador.

Benjamin recurría a “la situación histórica de la literatura actual” (y corrían los años treinta, recuerden) para ilustrar la dirección de este fenómeno. Durante siglos, escribía, “las cosas estaban así en la literatura: a un escaso número de escritores se enfrentaba un número de lectores cada vez mayor. Pero a fines del siglo pasado [el XIX] se introdujo un cambio. Con la creciente expansión de la prensa, que proporcionaba al público lector nuevos órganos políticos, religiosos, científicos, profesionales y locales, una parte cada vez mayor de esos lectores pasó, por de pronto ocasionalmente, el lado de los que escriben. La cosa empezó al abrirles su buzón la prensa diaria; hoy ocurre que apenas hay un europeo en curso de trabajo que no haya encontrado alguna vez ocasión de publicar una experiencia laboral, una queja, un reportaje o algo parecido. La distinción entre autor y público está por tanto a punto de perder su carácter sistemático. Se convierte en funcional y discurre de distintas maneras en distintas circunstancias. El lector está siempre dispuesto a pasar a ser un escritor. En cuanto perito, alcanza acceso al estado de autor”.

Quien acierte a proyectar este impecable diagnóstico sobre la nueva era de Internet, estará en condiciones de anticipar los derroteros de mi próxima columna.
 


http://www.elcultural.es/version_papel/OPINION/31001/El_critico_como_disc-jockey_(1)

Ver también: http://www.elcultural.es/version_papel/OPINION/31035/El_critico_como_disc%C2%96jokey_(y_2)
 http://www.elcultural.es/version_papel/OPINION/30975/De_la_critica_en_Internet


A través de lentes oscuras, Liz Johnson-Arthur's Black Balloon






http://lizjohnson-artur.blogspot.com.es/








sábado, 19 de mayo de 2012

...EVEN IF IT MAKES US CRY




http://galeriakavel.bigcartel.com/

Bobbie Gentry, whisperin' in my ear again



http://www.caughtbytheriver.net/2012/05/bobbie-gentry-whisperin-in-my-ear-again/


The mystery of Bobbie Gentry




In Las Vegas, 1969, you had the choice of witnessing either Elvis Presley, Tom Jones or Bobbie Gentry putting on the style. All were star attractions. Yet while the King became immortal and Jones The Voice went on to continually re-invent his crimplene soul, Bobbie Gentry has vanished from sight. She hasn't given an interview in over thirty years and has barely entered a recording studio since releasing Patchwork in 1971, the last of her half dozen albums.

She was born Roberta Lee Streeter on July 27th 1944 to Portuguese parents in Chickasaw County, Mississippi. Her parents divorced when she was a toddler, and it was left to her grandparents to raise her. They lived on a farm in Chickasaw County - Mississippi Delta country. "We didn't have electricity, and I didn't have many play things," Bobbie recalled. "My Granddaddy liked possum stew, so whenever he caught one, he'd cut off the tail for me to play with."

Her Grandmother provided a toy that had a more long lasting impact when she traded a milk cow for a neighbour's piano. Bobbie taught herself to play by listening in church, and precociously had her first song in the bag by the time she was seven: My Dog Sergeant Is A Good Dog was later wheeled out as part of her nightclub act and survives on a BBC TV show. The rest of her oeuvre would be hugely influenced by her dirt poor, woodland community upbringing.

After grade school in Greenwood, Mississippi, where her father lived, Bobbie moved to California in 1957 to live with her mother. She attended school in Arcadia for two years before the family moved to Palm Springs, by which time she had taught herself to play the guitar, banjo, bass, and vibes. One afternoon, she caught the King Vidor movie Ruby Gentry in which Jennifer Jones plays a Southern girl from the wrong side of the tracks who falls for local land owner Charlton Heston. It was melodramatic fare, but also undeniably sensual for a 1952 Hollywood movie. Bobbie was so impressed she decided to change her name.

At 15, Bobbie Gentry was performing in a local country club, an act which was caught - and apparently encouraged - by Bob Hope and Hoagy Carmichael. Straight out of high school, she worked in Las Vegas as part of a nightclub review called Folies Bergere to raise a little cash, which then saw her through a degree in philosophy at UCLA. Transferring to the Los Angeles Conservatory of Music she studied guitar, majoring in theory and composition. All this time, Bobbie was playing in local venues, scrabbling for cash, some of the time as part of Hawaiian musician Johnny Ukulele's troupe of girls. Her only known recordings from the period were Ode To Love and Stranger In The Mirror, two 1964 duets with singer Jody Reynolds, who had scored a hit in 1958 with the death disc Endless Sleep.

Early in 1967, Bobbie made a demo which came to the attention of Capitol Records producer Kelly Gordon. He liked the songs immensely, especially one called Ode To Billie Joe. The song was around seven minutes long, and it's eerie, mossy, swamp-country atmosphere was unlike anything Gordon had heard before. With support from Capitol's number one producer David Axelrod, he was able to sign Bobbie. Her first single was one of the other songs on the demo, Mississippi Delta, but pretty quickly DJs picked up on the flip side.

Ode To Billie Joe, truncated to four minutes and made eerier yet by Jimmy Haskell's string arrangement, entered the Billboard Hot 100 on August 5th 1967. Two weeks later it was in the top ten: a week after that it was number one, dislodging the Beatles' utopian All You Need Is Love. No other debut single had made the top faster. No question, it was a unique record, and even the flower-waving underground had to be riveted by the narrative. Elliptically evocative, loaded with mysterious place names like Choctaw Ridge and the Tallahatchie Bridge, this smalltown apocalypse came across like The Waltons in reverse. It sounded entirely believable, autobiographical even. The central mystery of the song - probably lost in the edit - was what exactly the young couple threw from the bridge. After much discussion in the press, in cafes and pubs (it made the UK Top 20 in the autumn), the least controversial conclusion was an engagement ring.

Overnight, this unknown country folk singer, her hair piled up like a downhome Priscilla Presley, had crossed the tracks just like namesake Ruby. True to the movie script, she had also begun an affair with Kelly Gordon, who left his wife and kids for his protogee. The two quickly amassed tracks for an album named after the hit, all original material. It hardly sounds thrown together. Mississippee Delta, the rejected A-side, is gritty, and would give Tony Joe White a run for his money in the southern stew stakes; Sunday Best and Papa Won'tcha Let Me Go To Town were sepia prints of a south that probably didn't exist by 1967 but surely did in Bobbie's childhood. The follow up to Ode was ill advised, though - I Saw An Angel Die was kaleidoscopic, vague, and quite beautiful, but it was way too unstructured for radio and bombed completely.

This didn't affect the huge sales of the album, or the year-end impact of her number one single: after selling 3 million copies it won Bobbie three Grammy awards, including Best New Artist (she was the first country singer to win in this category); Billboard, Cashbox, and Record World nominated her most promising new vocalist; and Nashville's Country Music Association asked her to co-host their awards show with Sonny James. Life magazine even ran a feature on her grandparents' farm - the money she'd made from the hit had enabled Bobbie to buy them new trucks.

Next came The Delta Sweete. This took the Ode album on a step - it was a segued, multi-textural album about the south, and maybe her best record. Standouts were Courtyard, a delicately terrifying morality tale of wish fulfillment, and Morning Glory, cheeky and playful, with Bobbie's voice at its breathiest and most sensuous. Dotted around the album were choice covers - quite obvious, but still flavoursome - of Tobacco Road, Parchman Farm, and Louisiana Man. The oak-aged Okolona River Bottom Band had presaged the album as a November '67 single, but only reached 54; Louisiana Man, backed by Courtyard, fared even worse and spent a solitary week at number 100.

Capitol took swift action - they weren't about to let such a hot property slip off the map, and Bobbie had two more albums out by the year's end. Local Gentry compromised some of her best songs (the saucy Sittin' Pretty, and deceptively airy, black-humoured Casket Vignette) with a bunch of more contemporary covers, including Fool On The Hill which became another flop single. There was also a definitive, curled-up-in-a-cosy-cabin take on Kenny Rankin's Peaceful. The striking red trouser suit and confident stance on the cover must have shifted a few copies of Local Gentry, too. Stanley Dorfman at the BBC was certainly impressed and offered Bobbie her own series, with guests including The Hollies and Donovan. Hits or no, at home she also regularly featured on TV. Something of a good luck charm, she was the maiden guest on Glen Campbell, Johnny Cash, and Bobby Darin's variety shows.

Towards 1968's end, Bobbie was teamed up with Capitol's other top country-pop crossover act, Glen Campbell. Somehow their album of duets rarely sounded more than perfunctory, in spite of great arrangers and another eye-catching cover. No matter, a version of Mornin' Glory - nowhere near as good as the Delta Sweete version - charted, and Let It Be Me, the old Everly Brothers hit, went to 14 on the country chart and restored Bobbie to the Top 40 for the first time in a year.

The Gentry live show was by all accounts more of a rocking affair than her records let on, and the 1969 album Touch 'Em With Love certainly shifted up a gear. The polished brass of the title track failed to chart as a single, but a version of Bacharach and David's I'll Never Fall In Love Again - with Bobbie's voice straining in an endearingly high register - charted all over Europe, making it all the way to number one in Britain. This was followed by the Top 3 All I Have To Do Is Dream, another Everlys-originated duet with Glen Campbell. Back home, Bobbie got hitched to casino magnate William F. Harrah - she was 25 and he was 58. It lasted three months. According to Mojo magazine Harrah, who was none too impressed with his young wife heading out on tour, followed her to a theatre and caught her in flagrante backstage. Maybe he should have listened to Courtyard before he signed the wedding contract*.

All of which made Fancy, her last single of 1969, seem more than a little autobigraphical: "Just be nice to the gentlemen, Fancy, and they'll be nice to you." Produced by Rick Hall at Muscle Shoals, it made the US Top 40 but felt bigger. Reba McEntire scored hugely with it in 1991, and apparently the film rights have since been doing the rounds for the story of a girl who "might have been born just plain white trash but Fancy was my name ... and I ain't done bad." Bobbie certainly hadn't. With the smarts as well as the sass, she set up her own publishing company, Super Darlin Publishing, and television production, Gentry Limited. Her purchase of a percentage of The Phoenix Suns basketball team in 1969, as well as vast tracks of land in California, made her a wealthy woman. Somehow, she also found time to record a stack of songs that remained unreleased, including Show Off, Donovan's Skipalong Sam, and the exquisite Smoke, unavailable until recently and all recommended.

In 1970 Johnny Cash introduced her on TV, singing Fancy, as "our Mississippi River Delta Queen, Bobbie Gentry." Internationally, she had now consolidated after her first instant rush of fame and was a genuine star. In Vegas she had a million dollar contract. "I write and arrange all the music, design the costumes, do the choreography, the whole thing," she said. "I'm completely responsible for it. It's totally my own from inception to performance. I originally produced Ode To Billie Joe and most of my other records, but a woman doesn't stand much chance in a recording studio. A staff producer's name was nearly always put on the records." Fame doesn't get more glamorous than aftershow parties with Elvis, yet a melancholy single called Apartment 21 that summer suggested she was beginning to feel trapped by it.

These feelings were made more explicit on her final album, 1971's Patchwork. Written and produced by Bobbie (this time, with full credits), it featured southern characters like Benjamin, Billy The Kid and Belinda who hadn't been around since The Delta Sweete, as well as Miss Clara and Your Number One Fan, both flapper skits, the latter aimed at her more dottily devoted supporters. Marigolds And Tangerines betrayed a yearning for a simpler, sweeter life; Somebody Like Me had a soulful strut; Lookin' In was effectively a resignation letter from the world of pop. Bobbie has since said that, of all her records, she is most proud of Patchwork and it's not hard see why.

It's hard to believe that Bobbie couldn't have found a new recording contract if she'd wanted to - we just have to assume she considered that she'd left her mark and wanted to move on. A compilation called The Sounds Of Christmas featured her renditions of Scarlet Ribbons and Away In A Manger, and EMI released two budget albums Sittin' Pretty and Tobacco Road. Otherwise, Bobbie was quiet until the summer of 1974 when she launched The Bobbie Gentry Happiness Hour on CBS. It ran for four episodes, and a single called Another Place Another Time (the theme for Max Baer's film Macon County Line) slipped out at the same time. A couple of years later Baer made a movie based on Ode To Billie Joe (re-spelt Billy Joe for some reason) and Bobbie re-recorded the song. Both the new and original versions  charted in the summer of '76. Another shortlived marriage, to Jim 'Spiders And Snakes' Stafford, resulted in a son called Tyler. On Christmas Eve 1978, she was a
 guest on The Tonight Show with Johnny Carson. Since then Bobbie Gentry has never performed, sung, or given an interview.

From the very beginning, Roberta Lee Streeter seemed to know exactly what she wanted, and had the charm, skill, and talent to get it. Five years of recording took her from a Mississippi farm to Vegas and riches beyond most people's dreams. Then, simply, she got bored, poured her artistic ambitions into one last album, and quit while she was still at the top. Her catalogue is almost faultless. As a blueprint for ambitious feminists, the Bobbie Gentry story is hard to trump.

Supermarket sightings are frequent enough these days. Starstruck fans report that her raven mane is still unmistakable. She's no hermit**. It's just that Bobbie Gentry knows exactly how to keep her legend bottled, her image unruffled, and her music timeless.

* It is often assumed that Bobbie managed to retire a wealthy woman after she divorced Harrah, receiving a $3.5 million settlement. Accusations of gold-digging are derailed by the fact she made over $3,000,000 in royalties from Capitol alone. Bobbie also made millions from her Vegas stints which lasted on and off until 1980, and an alleged $4,000,000 when Warner Brothers optioned Ode To Billie Joe.

**Here is a comment on a Bobbie Gentry thread from Tom Ewing's Popular blog: "I heard a touching story about Bobbie from the 1980′s. A couple years after her retirement, one of her Vegas male dancers became ill with AIDS. His lover told me they were penniless and about to be evicted from their home. Even though she was raising a newborn son as a single mother, she stepped in paid the bills and got her friend the medical care he needed. In an era when some people would not touch somone with AIDS she came to the hospital, held his hand and comforted him. She even paid the funeral expenses and made a terrible situation a little more tolerable for a dear friend. "

viernes, 18 de mayo de 2012

Erase una vez en Chicago... Frankie Knuckles y el Warehouse




The Warehouse: The place house music got its name

In honor of its 35th anniversary, RA's Jacob Arnold looks back at the origins and the heyday of the legendary Chicago nightspot.

In the mid-'70s, Chicago was still America's second largest city. Yet after the financial collapse of a number of independent soul labels a few years earlier, its recording industry was virtually non-existent, and its club scene was heavily segregated. Into this vacuum stepped Robert Williams, a promoter whose parties brought together straight and gay youths of all races. His club, The Warehouse, closed before the first Chicago dance tracks were recorded by artists like Jamie Principle, Jesse Saunders, J.M. Silk, Farley "Jackmaster" Funk, and Chip E., but it set the stage for house music, popularizing after-hours clubbing and DJ edits in Chicago and launching the career of Frankie Knuckles.

Williams grew up in Jamaica, Queens, NY, then moved to Harlem where he studied law at Columbia University. In the early '70s, he began dancing at Manhattan clubs like The Sanctuary, Better Days, and The Gallery, but it was David Mancuso's parties that made the biggest impression. "I liked the intensity of it," Williams explains. "He gave parties in his loft, private parties—membership only.... People were taking drugs. They were on LSD, most of the time, but it was wild. It made it super intense. And the music was great."

As a juvenile officer at Spofford Juvenile Center in the Bronx, Williams met future DJs Larry Levan and Frankie Knuckles after they were caught skipping school. Williams encountered them again at East Village clubs like The Dome. Admits Williams with a smile, "They were much better dancers than I was."






Williams moved from New York to Chicago around 1972 to escape the rat race, but he found Chicago's nightlife underwhelming. After a few apartment parties with his fraternity brothers at Phi Beta Sigma, Williams and a half dozen friends founded US Studio, a venture inspired by Mancuso's loft parties. In 1973, they opened Chicago's first after-hours juice bar in a commercial space at 116 South Clinton Avenue.

At a time when most Chicago bars closed at 3 AM, US Studio was able to stay open all night as a liquor-free establishment. "We charged two dollars," Williams recalls. "[And] we had five hundred people. It was so crowded that the police came to raid our party... but they had a difficult time getting in." After just a couple of weeks, the building burned down between parties. "We lost a little equipment," Williams explains, "but we bounced back."

US Studio subsequently found space at 1400 South Michigan Avenue, across the street from a fire house. Unsurprisingly, inspectors shut the space down after just a few months. Next, an industrial realtor rented the group 10,000 square feet of loft space on the seventh floor of 555 West Adams Street. DJ Craig Cannon remembers, "We'd get in this elevator... confined, but the closer that you get to the floor where the party is, the louder the music gets, so it builds anticipation. By the time the elevator's door opens, you're practically running out of there."

By this time Williams had been voted president of the group. Chicagoans Bennie Winfield and Michael Matthews were the DJs, but Williams made regular drives to New York to get music from Mancuso and Levan. He brought back exclusive soul and disco 12-inches by artists like First Choice, B.T. Express and LaBelle.

After two years on Adams Street, a dispute over membership fees resulted in most of the group leaving Williams to form "The Bowery." As luck would have it, this splintering of US Studio resulted in the launch of The Warehouse at 206 South Jefferson Street. According to Williams, Adams Street "was a little large for us to maintain," but The Warehouse, which could be glimpsed out the old club's rear windows, was just right. A lease was signed in June 1976, and a couple of months later the space opened for parties, though initially they were just twice a month.



US Studio - Warehouse Chicago
The Warehouse, 206 South Jefferson Street




Meanwhile, disco music's popularity began to skyrocket. Remembers DJ Michael Ezebukwu, "Back then Chicago was full of clubs. It was Den One, it was the Ritz, there was Le Pub, Broadway Limited... that's just a short list." Ron Hardy attracted a black crowd to Den One some nights, but for the most part it was a white club featuring the talents of Artie Feldman and Peter Lewicki.

There was also Dugan's Bistro, Chicago's largest gay disco, which opened in 1973. Its DJ, Lou DiVito, won two consecutive Billboard awards for best regional disc jockey, but the club was notorious for turning away African Americans. "They would ask us not only for the regular ID, but passports as well," Craig Cannon explains. In response, the club was picketed and leafleted by a group calling itself the Committee of Black Gay Men.

By this time there were other black-owned after-hours lofts, including Lonnie Fulton's Social Sounds and Michael Fields' Castle in the Sky, and it became evident that The Warehouse would need a new disc jockey to stay competitive in Chicago's growing club scene. Williams first asked Larry Levan, but he didn't want to leave New York. He then approached Frankie Knuckles, who had taken over for Levan at New York's Continental Baths before it went bankrupt. Knuckles agreed to come out for a "grand opening" in March 1977.

Williams enlisted Richard Long and Associates, also from New York, to install a custom sound and light system, but initial parties with Knuckles were a bust. Says Williams, "The music was fantastic, the sound, but... I guess there was controversy, propaganda, against Frankie. [People said,] 'I don't really want to hear that New York stuff.'" Knuckles returned to New York for a time, only visiting Chicago periodically for special parties.

It wasn't until Knuckles spun at a few of The Bowery's events that he developed a following. Williams explains, "[It was only] then they started coming to the Warehouse. So then Frankie decided he liked it, so he said he'd relocate for me." According to Knuckles, this was in July 1977, almost a year after Williams had started holding parties in the space.

While there was no sign on the building, and the official name was "US Studio," dancers started calling the club "The Warehouse" early on, and Williams adopted the name. Like its predecessors, the Warehouse was a nineteen-and-over, members-only juice bar. Knuckles usually kept the party jumping until eight in the morning.

"That place was three levels," Cannon remembers. "You walked up the stairs and paid, and then you walked down the stairs to the party, and then there was a basement below that." With no air conditioning, The Warehouse relied on fans and open windows in the summer. Cannon recalls the breeze made for a beautiful effect, especially when the open-beam ceiling was draped with crepe paper: "When you turned the mirror ball, you turned the fan on, and it was decorated, everything seemed like it was moving."

Asked if there was acid in the punch, Cannon exclaims, "Oh, definitely. Everything was spiked. It was just crazy." Williams recalls that they "had marathons which lasted a couple of days. Like twenty-four hours. Kids would go home, change clothes, come back."







For its first couple of years, The Warehouse was one of Chicago's wildest discos, but it wasn't until 1979 or so that it began to embody a distinctive scene. Around this time, a black middle class "preppie" culture was developing in South Side private schools, including the Catholic high school Mendel. Teens who listened to Devo and The B-52s on Herb Kent's Punk Out radio show began forming their own party promotion groups which rented spaces and distributed flyers, or "pluggers." One such group was future producer Vince Lawrence's Infinity Space Eclipse, which began throwing parties with an IZOD dress code.

Knuckles began to spin at North Side clubs to supplement his Saturdays at the Warehouse, starting with Carol's Speakeasy (in Den One's old building). In October 1980, Dave "Medusa" Shelton, a young clubber with curly blond hair (whose first party as a promoter had been held at The Warehouse the year before), opened his own juice bar, 161 West. Knuckles DJed there Friday nights. A Gay Life print ad from October 1980 describes dancers "jacking their bodies all night," over two years before the first house record.

As electronic music gained a foothold, Knuckles began to mix New Wave records with his usual soul and disco cuts. Knuckles's top ten list for April 9, 1981 (published by Brett Wilcots in Gay Chicago) includes such unlikely records as "Jezebel Spirit" by Brian Eno & David Byrne and "Walking on Thin Ice" by Yoko Ono alongside more predictable choices by People's Choice, Billy Ocean and Grace Jones.



"My fondest memory is the mixed crowd.
Racially, ethnically, sexually.
That was the best thing."




While Chicago's more adventurous "progressive" fans were buying records at Wax Trax!, which also sold leather and studs, Knuckles and many other DJs shopped at Importes Etc., which started life as a counter in a used car dealership run by owner Paul Weisberg's father. The store began a symbiotic relationship with Knuckles, labeling records "heard at the Warehouse"—which was soon shortened to "house." In a 1987 obituary, DJ and Gay Chicagocolumnist Tom Parks credited Importes' Dick Guenther with coining the term as a "promotional gimmick."

Alongside imports, Knuckles began playing fresh edits of disco tunes that were already a few years old. Knuckles explains via email, "My close, dear friend Erasmo Rivera was in school for sound engineering. One of his classes was on editing, and he was cutting up everything. I began giving him records to re-edit."

Frankie Knuckles
Williams says those edits drove the crowd wild: "You'd be like, I [have] that album at home, and it doesn't sound like that. What the hell is going on?" For example, Knuckles' edit of Harold Melvin & The Blue Notes' "Baby, You Got My Nose Open," starts at the break, then loops the passage, "All you men, all you men" before concluding with "...out there." Another signature track was The Dells' "Get on Down." Knuckles would repeatedly tease two bars of crowd noise and the spoken word, "All right, let's get it on!" before launching into the rest of the break.

Around this time, Knuckles was in high demand. In 1981 and 1982, he DJed for parties at Sauer's, Pyramid, Annex 2, The Smart Bar and Metro. As Knuckles expanded his audience, The Warehouse benefited from the diversity. Cannon enthuses, "My fondest memory is the mixed crowd. Racially, ethnically, sexually. That was the best thing. I hit on all the straight guys, unbeknownst to me." Knuckles confirms, "It was hip to act gay and hang out at gay clubs, but not actually be gay. You figure that one out!"

By all accounts, the Warehouse's final year was also its wildest. The club was consistently packed with teenagers, many of whom were underage. Williams remembers parents coming to look for their children. According to Knuckles, older members were driven out. The club was overcrowded, and there were even several stick-ups inside. Knuckles sensed things spinning out of control, admitting that "the club was no longer safe."

In November 1982, Knuckles left The Warehouse to open his own club, The Power Plant. "I felt I had reached a point where I couldn't go any further with the Warehouse," Knuckles explains. With The Warehouse gone, other after-hours clubs rose to take its place, including The Playground, First Impressions, and Shelton's Medusa's. Williams himself opened the Muzic Box [sic] several months later, where DJ Ron Hardy rose to local stardom. These new clubs (and the sudden availability of inexpensive synthesizers and drum machines) set the stage for local producers. In early 1984, electronic dance music by Chicago teenagers began to hit stores and the airwaves.

Three short years later, despite spawning several UK chart toppers, Chicago's house scene became a victim of its own success. Many of its best-known producers signed to major labels, where they were quickly cast aside in favor of hip-hop. Meanwhile, Medusa's latest dance club, which alternated house and industrial nights, came under attack by local residents concerned about teenage delinquency. In January 1987, a city ordinance passed requiring juice bars to follow liquor bar hours. It went into effect that April. Williams took his parties back underground, but Chicago's club scene would never be the same.



Frankie Knuckles and Robert Williams
Frankie Knuckles and Robert Williams


Las Variaciones Abrams




http://www.elcultural.es/blogs_comentario/To_be_continued/13/33789/Fringe_Cuarta_temporada__1__Variaciones_Abrams)

miércoles, 9 de mayo de 2012

"I Paid My Dues"


"He made his way to Los Angeles, as he recalls in his memoir I Paid My Dues. Sure this is it. , bedad. .. Wearin' a feckin' turban in Hollywood in the 1940s, he called himself Ram Singh, you know yourself like. His networkin' and hustlin' talents landed him the bleedin' job as Errol Flynn's "foreign" chauffeur. Sure this is it. He adopted the oul' name Ricardo Gonzales to pass himself off as Mexican rather than black, in order to get an oul' room in a feckin' good hotel, enda story. He tells of gettin' a holy break as a bleedin' vocalist when he was asked to fill in for Mel Tormé. Here's another quare one for ye."
Babs Gonzales_I Paid My Dues     

http://etcetera.typepad.com/etc/2007/04/i_paid_my_dues_.html

Babs Gonzales








Gruñones



http://flavorwire.com/283530/the-10-grumpiest-living-writers?all=1